Volume 1 Numéro 2 (7)
- Titre : Caractérisation physicochimique de l’huile de l’Opuntia ficus indica (L.) de la Tunisie et évaluation de ses activités anti-oxydante, antibactérienne et cytotoxique
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-9-30
- Auteur : Sana BARDAA; Fatma ALOUI; Riadh BEN MANSOUR; Hazem JABEUR; Mohamed BOUAZIZ; Zouheir SAHNOUN
- Abstract : Today, the emerging potential of l’Opuntia ficus indica (L.) (Prickly pear) oil application in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries has prompted researchers to study its stability and to determine its compounds in order to improve its economic utility. In this context, the utmost aim of the current research was to assess the physicochemical properties of Opuntia ficus india L extracted oil from Tunisia and to appraise its antimicrobial activity and its cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines.
The prickly pear oil was analysed for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibition concentration against four bacteria. The oil was also tested for the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity.
Prickly pear oil extracted by cold press was light yellow in colour, stable and had good quality with low peroxide value.
Linoleic acid (55.731 %), oleic acid (20.788 %) and β-sitosterol were the most prominent in prickly pear extracted seed oil. The oil showed moderate antibacterial activity when compared to the reference (gentamicin). The oil recorded highest anti-bacteria activities against Bacillus subtilis. It exhibited remarkable antioxidant property due its richness of α-tocopherol.
According to the MTT test, prickly pear oil seems to be free of any toxicity and could be used in dermopharmacy. - Pagination : 9-30
13
novembre
2024
Adaptabilité de la phénologie florale de l'olivier dans différents environnements du centre et du sud tunisien
- Titre : Adaptabilité de la phénologie florale de l'olivier dans différents environnements du centre et du sud tunisien
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-31-43
- Auteur : Olfa Elloumi; Ines Regaieg; Haifa Benmoussa; Mounir Abichou; Fathi Ben Amar; Mehdi Ben Mimoun; Mohamed Ghrab
- Abstract : Tunisia has been identified as a 'Hotspot' for observed and projected temperature increases. These climate changes have significant impacts on agriculture, including the olive sector that has significant socio-economic benefits at the national level. In this context, floral phenology has experienced renewed interest in recent years, in order to estimate the future olive tree (Olea europaea L.) adaptation in different production areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate the phenological adaptability of four local (Chemlali, Chétoui) and foreign (Arbequina, Koronéiki) olive cultivars to various agro-climatic conditions in central and southern Tunisia: Jammel (35 ° 75 ', 10 ° 75'), Sfax (34 ° 94 ', 10 ° 60') and Zarziz (33 ° 30 ', 11 ° 06'). Budburst, pre-flowering and flowering stages were monitored from the start of the 2015-season and were, subsequently, linked to the climatic conditions of each area. Results showed that the olive floral phenology is variable depending on the genotype and the climatic conditions of each environment. Budburst stage was earlier in the Zarzis region characterized by a warm winter with an average chill accumulation of 28.4 CP and 'Chemlali' was the earliest (between 17 and 21 March) compared to the other cultivars. Pre-flowering and flowering stages are mainly related to spring temperatures and the production area altitude. Following spring temperatures increases (maximum temperatures > 35 ° C), harmful impacts on floral phenology (browning and development block of flower buds in the differentiation stage) were observed on the ‘Chetoui’ cultivar in the Jammel region. These impacts were less important for the other cultivars and in the two other regions where the temperature increase took place towards the end of their flowering period. In conclusion, this preliminary study emphasizes the advantages of multi-environment trials as a tool to deal with the predicted future variability of environmental conditions caused by global warming.
- Pagination : 31-43
13
novembre
2024
Caractérisation pomologique et physicochimique d’oliviers de la collection de Boughrara (sfax, Tunisie)
- Titre : Caractérisation pomologique et physicochimique d’oliviers de la collection de Boughrara (sfax, Tunisie)
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-44-58
- Auteur : Hayet FOURATI; Mohamed AYADI; Fatma BACCARI; Gouta BEN AHMED; Fathi BEN AMAR
- Abstract : In Tunisia, the olive oil sector occupies an important place in the national economy. However, our exports of this product are mainly in bulk and our challenge is to work on the quality of olive oil and its packaging to improve our foreign exchange income. In addition, the evolution of the global economic context towards the liberalization of trade will lead to an increasingly competitive market and will require an improvement in the quantity (a good yield) and the Tunisian olive oil quality with a view to greater compliance with standards.
Tunisia's olive varietal heritage is very rich in varieties although the Tunisian olive grove is dominated by Chemlali Sfax and Chétoui varieties for olive oil and Meski for table olive. In addition, this heritage is very rich in local varieties and ecotypes which are kept in the collection of the olive tree of Boughrara (Sfax). The oil of part of this heritage has been characterized in situ (site of origin or in-situ) and most of these varieties are only cultivated in their sites of origin and whose oil quality is not known.
The present work falls within this framework and consists in studying the pomological characteristics of olives and the physicochemical characteristics of the oils of local varieties and ecotypes of olive trees in the Boughrara collection (ex-situ) in order to select the varieties that meet the quality criteria. - Pagination : 44-58
13
novembre
2024
Identification de marqueur ‘InDel’ au niveau du gène Cu-Zn-superoxidedismutase (SOD) par des approches moléculaires et bioinformatiques
- Titre : Identification de marqueur ‘InDel’ au niveau du gène Cu-Zn-superoxidedismutase (SOD) par des approches moléculaires et bioinformatiques
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-1-8
- Auteur : Rayda BEN AYED; Mohamed Ali TRIKI; Ahmed REBAI
- Abstract : The Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene encodes an enzyme involved in the detoxification of superoxide radicals. The genotyping of this gene in 16 Tunisian olive varieties allowed the identification of an InDel-type SNP marker but also to validate the genotype-phenotype relationship between this marker and some quantitative (yield) and qualitative (olive oil quality) parameters. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a clustering into two groups independently of geographical origin. On the basis of bioinformatics analyses, highly significant associations were observed for varieties with the ID genotype producing more linoleic acid and for varieties with the II genotype having a high cholesterol level. This may suggest that varieties with genotype II (mainly Oueslati and Chemlali Tataouine) produce more oleic acid than linoleic acid than those with homozygous DD and heterozygous ID genotypes.
- Pagination : 1-8
13
novembre
2024
Les principaux facteurs susceptibles d’améliorer les résultats de l’olivier dans le Nord de la Tunisie : Cas de Siliana
- Titre : Les principaux facteurs susceptibles d’améliorer les résultats de l’olivier dans le Nord de la Tunisie : Cas de Siliana
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-75-88
- Auteur : Mohamed Bechir SAI; Aicha MOKRANI; Mohamed HAMMAMI
- Abstract : The present work is a part of the research program of the olive tree productivity improvement and the product quality.
Among its objectives, the measure of the importance of olive results in its agro-socio-economic context of the north through a sample of olive farms in Siliana and identifying the main factors that can contribute to improve these results.
Results after survey have shown that although the importance of the olive tree and its improvement of the area and incomes of the olive exploitations, many technical and financial constraints have to overcome in order to become economically profitable. - Pagination : 75-88
13
novembre
2024
Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols improve hematological parameters and mineral profile disorders in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide
- Titre : Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols improve hematological parameters and mineral profile disorders in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-59-67
- Auteur : Imen GHORBEL; Mariem Chaabane; Choumous Kallel; Najiba ZEGHAL; Naziha GRATI KAMMOUN
- Abstract : Our study investigated the protective efficacy of extra virgin olive oil polyphenols against disorders in blood hematological parameters and mineral profile in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide.
Animals were divided into four groups of six each: group 1, serving as controls, received distilled water; group 2 received ACR (50 mg/kg body weight) by gavage; group 3 received both acrylamide and olive oil polyphenols (1ml) by gavage; group 4 received only polyphenols (1 ml) by gavage for 3 weeks.
ACR-treated group showed significant differences in several hematological parameters including red and white blood cellscount, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and platelet count. Moreover, there were changes in the plasma levels of some minerals such as iron, calcium and magnesium,while the phosphorus levels remained unchanged when compared to those of the control group. Supplementation of olive oil polyphenols restored changes in blood hematological and mineral profiles to near normal values. In conclusion, polyphenols might act as protective agents in preventing ACR-induced disturbances in bloodcell parameters and mineral profile. - Pagination : 59-67
12
novembre
2024
DNA barcoding analysis of the microbial community in Olive Orchards: Olea europaea L. Bacterial and fungal diversity in Tunisia
- Titre : DNA barcoding analysis of the microbial community in Olive Orchards: Olea europaea L. Bacterial and fungal diversity in Tunisia
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-68-74
- Auteur : Houda Gharsallah; Ines Ksentini; Karama Hadj Taieb;Christina Schuster; Mohamed Ali Triki; Mohieddine Ksantini; Andreas Leclerque
- Abstract : Olive production is the main agricultural activity in Tunisia. This study investigated the microbial diversity isolated from soil and the major olive tree insect pests. We aimed to explore the scarcely known microbiota in Tunisian olive orchards as the first step to elucidating the microbial interactions that meddle with biological control. Bacterial and fungal strains were randomly isolated from different biotopes situated in Sfax (Tunisia). The 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing were used to identify the microbial community. 88 isolates were shown as belonging to 41Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs) identified toward the genus level and 39 OTUs identified at the species level. The different olive cultivars depicted distinct communities and exhibited dissimilar amounts of bacteria and fungi with distinct ecological functions that could be considered promising resources in biological control.
- Pagination : 68-74
