JAAOG (26)
Children categories
13
novembre
2024
Caractérisation pomologique et physicochimique d’oliviers de la collection de Boughrara (sfax, Tunisie)
- Titre : Caractérisation pomologique et physicochimique d’oliviers de la collection de Boughrara (sfax, Tunisie)
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-44-58
- Auteur : Hayet FOURATI; Mohamed AYADI; Fatma BACCARI; Gouta BEN AHMED; Fathi BEN AMAR
- Abstract : In Tunisia, the olive oil sector occupies an important place in the national economy. However, our exports of this product are mainly in bulk and our challenge is to work on the quality of olive oil and its packaging to improve our foreign exchange income. In addition, the evolution of the global economic context towards the liberalization of trade will lead to an increasingly competitive market and will require an improvement in the quantity (a good yield) and the Tunisian olive oil quality with a view to greater compliance with standards.
Tunisia's olive varietal heritage is very rich in varieties although the Tunisian olive grove is dominated by Chemlali Sfax and Chétoui varieties for olive oil and Meski for table olive. In addition, this heritage is very rich in local varieties and ecotypes which are kept in the collection of the olive tree of Boughrara (Sfax). The oil of part of this heritage has been characterized in situ (site of origin or in-situ) and most of these varieties are only cultivated in their sites of origin and whose oil quality is not known.
The present work falls within this framework and consists in studying the pomological characteristics of olives and the physicochemical characteristics of the oils of local varieties and ecotypes of olive trees in the Boughrara collection (ex-situ) in order to select the varieties that meet the quality criteria. - Pagination : 44-58
13
novembre
2024
Identification de marqueur ‘InDel’ au niveau du gène Cu-Zn-superoxidedismutase (SOD) par des approches moléculaires et bioinformatiques
- Titre : Identification de marqueur ‘InDel’ au niveau du gène Cu-Zn-superoxidedismutase (SOD) par des approches moléculaires et bioinformatiques
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-1-8
- Auteur : Rayda BEN AYED; Mohamed Ali TRIKI; Ahmed REBAI
- Abstract : The Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene encodes an enzyme involved in the detoxification of superoxide radicals. The genotyping of this gene in 16 Tunisian olive varieties allowed the identification of an InDel-type SNP marker but also to validate the genotype-phenotype relationship between this marker and some quantitative (yield) and qualitative (olive oil quality) parameters. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a clustering into two groups independently of geographical origin. On the basis of bioinformatics analyses, highly significant associations were observed for varieties with the ID genotype producing more linoleic acid and for varieties with the II genotype having a high cholesterol level. This may suggest that varieties with genotype II (mainly Oueslati and Chemlali Tataouine) produce more oleic acid than linoleic acid than those with homozygous DD and heterozygous ID genotypes.
- Pagination : 1-8
13
novembre
2024
Les principaux facteurs susceptibles d’améliorer les résultats de l’olivier dans le Nord de la Tunisie : Cas de Siliana
- Titre : Les principaux facteurs susceptibles d’améliorer les résultats de l’olivier dans le Nord de la Tunisie : Cas de Siliana
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-75-88
- Auteur : Mohamed Bechir SAI; Aicha MOKRANI; Mohamed HAMMAMI
- Abstract : The present work is a part of the research program of the olive tree productivity improvement and the product quality.
Among its objectives, the measure of the importance of olive results in its agro-socio-economic context of the north through a sample of olive farms in Siliana and identifying the main factors that can contribute to improve these results.
Results after survey have shown that although the importance of the olive tree and its improvement of the area and incomes of the olive exploitations, many technical and financial constraints have to overcome in order to become economically profitable. - Pagination : 75-88
13
novembre
2024
Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols improve hematological parameters and mineral profile disorders in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide
- Titre : Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols improve hematological parameters and mineral profile disorders in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-59-67
- Auteur : Imen GHORBEL; Mariem Chaabane; Choumous Kallel; Najiba ZEGHAL; Naziha GRATI KAMMOUN
- Abstract : Our study investigated the protective efficacy of extra virgin olive oil polyphenols against disorders in blood hematological parameters and mineral profile in rats exposed to a high dose of acrylamide.
Animals were divided into four groups of six each: group 1, serving as controls, received distilled water; group 2 received ACR (50 mg/kg body weight) by gavage; group 3 received both acrylamide and olive oil polyphenols (1ml) by gavage; group 4 received only polyphenols (1 ml) by gavage for 3 weeks.
ACR-treated group showed significant differences in several hematological parameters including red and white blood cellscount, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and platelet count. Moreover, there were changes in the plasma levels of some minerals such as iron, calcium and magnesium,while the phosphorus levels remained unchanged when compared to those of the control group. Supplementation of olive oil polyphenols restored changes in blood hematological and mineral profiles to near normal values. In conclusion, polyphenols might act as protective agents in preventing ACR-induced disturbances in bloodcell parameters and mineral profile. - Pagination : 59-67
12
novembre
2024
DNA barcoding analysis of the microbial community in Olive Orchards: Olea europaea L. Bacterial and fungal diversity in Tunisia
- Titre : DNA barcoding analysis of the microbial community in Olive Orchards: Olea europaea L. Bacterial and fungal diversity in Tunisia
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-68-74
- Auteur : Houda Gharsallah; Ines Ksentini; Karama Hadj Taieb;Christina Schuster; Mohamed Ali Triki; Mohieddine Ksantini; Andreas Leclerque
- Abstract : Olive production is the main agricultural activity in Tunisia. This study investigated the microbial diversity isolated from soil and the major olive tree insect pests. We aimed to explore the scarcely known microbiota in Tunisian olive orchards as the first step to elucidating the microbial interactions that meddle with biological control. Bacterial and fungal strains were randomly isolated from different biotopes situated in Sfax (Tunisia). The 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing were used to identify the microbial community. 88 isolates were shown as belonging to 41Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs) identified toward the genus level and 39 OTUs identified at the species level. The different olive cultivars depicted distinct communities and exhibited dissimilar amounts of bacteria and fungi with distinct ecological functions that could be considered promising resources in biological control.
- Pagination : 68-74
12
novembre
2024
Effet de Glomus deserticola et Gigaspora margarita sur la croissance et la nutrition hydrique des jeunes plantes d’olivier (Olea europaea L. cv. Chetoui)
- Titre : Effet de Glomus deserticola et Gigaspora margarita sur la croissance et la nutrition hydrique des jeunes plantes d’olivier (Olea europaea L. cv. Chetoui)
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv2i1y2023-1-11
- Auteur : Ameni BEN HASSENA; Lina TRABELSI; Mohamed ZOUARI; Wahid KHABOU; Nacim ZOUARI
- Abstract : Abuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may establish symbiotic associations with the roots of many plant species. The mycorrhizal symbiosis confer benefits to the hosts plant by improving the uptake of water and nutrients, which may consequently enhance their growth and development. In the present work, the effect of different AMF inoculums (Gigaspora margarita, Glomus deserticola,or a 1:1 mixture of G. margarita and G.deserticola) on the growth of young olive plants (Olea europaea L. cv. Chetoui) was studied. At the end of the experimental period (one year), the potted mycorrhizal olive plants showed a significant increase in the shoot elongation, the number of newly-produced leaves and the leaf area, as compared to the control ones. In addition, an enhancement in fresh and dry biomass was observed in inoculated young olive plants. This beneficial effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis was attributed to the better acquisition of water and nutrients in mycorrhizal olive plants, particularly in plants inoculated by the mixture of G. margarita and G. deserticola.
- Pagination : 1-11
12
novembre
2024
Water accounting for food security: the case of rainfed and irrigated olive growing in arid regions in Tunisia
- Titre : Water accounting for food security: the case of rainfed and irrigated olive growing in arid regions in Tunisia
- DOI : 10.71751/JAAOGv2i1y2023-12-26
- Auteur : Saida Elfkih; Saker Ben Abdallah; Amel Elkadri
- Abstract :Food and water security become challenging goals in many regions due to biophysical, socio-economic and political conditions, often amplified by climate change and other crises. In this perspective, accounting water is a crucial tool to understand the overall tendency of water consumption and to assist the decision makers in their decisional process about water and crops allocations. In this optic, the present paper aims to undertake a comparative analysis of the water use and conception in the irrigated and rainfed olive growing systems; based on an integrated method combining three key concepts of water computation: virtual water, water footprint and water productivity. The study focuses on a sample of 45 farms of irrigated and rainfed olive growing system located in Medenine and Sfax regions in Tunisia which are characterized by a semi-arid and arid climate conditions. Results show the importance of the theoretical framework adopted in clarifying the state of water consumption in a strategic sector such as the Tunisian olive growing. In addition, the different calculated indicators highlight the importance of the application of a whole technical package and a controlled and efficient use of water to improve the economic profitability of olive cultivation. Finally, the study highlights also the necessity to revise the irrigated olive growing extensions’ policies under arid conditions and to orient and sensitize farms to apply complementary irrigation in critical phases of the tree.
- Pagination : 12-26
12
novembre
2024
Morphological and molecular characterization of minor olive (Olea europaea. L) cultivars in Tunisia
- Titre : Morphological and molecular characterization of minor olive (Olea europaea. L) cultivars in Tunisia
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv2i1y2023-27-37
- Auteur : Hana Souabni; Fathi Ben Amar; Yolanda Gogorcena; Mahdi Fendri; Sameh Mnasri; Mohamed Ali Triki; Olfa Saddoud Debbabi
- Abstract : Management of ex situ olive collection is crucial for suitable genetic resources conservation. This study aims to complement characterization of olive accessions belonging to the National olive germplasm collection located in the south of Tunisia. The morphological characterization of endocarp of 22 Tunisian cultivars was made. Multiple component analysis (MCA) showed 5 different groups of cultivars and one case of synonymy. A set of six Simple Sequence Repeat markers (SSR) were used to fingerprinting the cultivars studied. The total number of alleles was 44 with a mean of 7.33 alleles/locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) varied from 0.45 for DCA 03 to 0.85 for DCA 16 with a mean of 0.7. The Principal Component Analysis (PCoA) was used to cluster cultivars. We assume the power of the microsatellite markers and the phenotypic richness of our local germplasm in Tunisia.
- Pagination : 27-37
- Titre : Protected designation of origin and protected geographical indication: definitions, historic and characteristics of some certified olive oils in the Mediterranean countries
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv2i2y2023-32-48
- Auteur : Sirine Karra; Naziha Grati Kammoun
- Abstract : The scan of the studies realized about Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) olive oils of the Mediterranean countries showed that, despite the importance of the literature on food quality labels, reviews dealing with characteristics of labelled olive oil and joining the physicochemical properties with the regulation rules and the instructions of each specification are mainly unavailable. This study aims to consolidate the academic research state in the field of labelled olive oils (PDO and PGI) via determining the meaning of these labels, why they are used and the different regulations and specifications related to labelled olive oils. Moreover, this study takes into consideration many criteria such as varieties, specification instructions, sensorial properties…
- Pagination : 32-48
11
novembre
2024
Variabilité bioclimatique de l’oliveraie du Centre-Est Tunisien, cas de Sfax, dans un contexte de changement climatique
- Titre : Variabilité bioclimatique de l’oliveraie du Centre-Est Tunisien, cas de Sfax, dans un contexte de changement climatique
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv2i2y2023-9-31
- Auteur : Mohamed Feki; Olfa Elloumi
- Abstract : Olive growing is one of the oldest crops in Tunisia and takes a place of choice both in ecological and agricultural plans and in socio-economic plans. However, this crop, mainly conducted in dry farming, is threatened by the global warming which leads to an advancement of these phenological stages and sometimes a modification of the quality of the olive oils. In this paper, the temporal variability of temperatures in the Sfax region, the first producer and exporter of olive oil in the country, was analysed with a multi-scalar approach. Firstly, the temporal evolution of temperatures showed a general warming since the mid-1980s for annual temperatures, and the early 1980s and 1990s for monthly temperatures. Secondly, the effects of this warming on the olive tree during its vegetative period (between March and the beginning of November) were studied and highlighted an increase in degree days since the mid-1980s. Finally, the analysis of the frequency of occurrence of atmospheric circulation types and their manifestations in terms of "mildness situation" over the region, from December to February, allowed to explain the variability of the olive tree budburst date and the precocity observed since 2014.
- Pagination : 9-31
