- Titre : Adaptabilité de la phénologie florale de l'olivier dans différents environnements du centre et du sud tunisien
- DOI: 10.71751/JAAOGv1i2y2022-31-43
- Auteur : Olfa Elloumi; Ines Regaieg; Haifa Benmoussa; Mounir Abichou; Fathi Ben Amar; Mehdi Ben Mimoun; Mohamed Ghrab
- Abstract : Tunisia has been identified as a 'Hotspot' for observed and projected temperature increases. These climate changes have significant impacts on agriculture, including the olive sector that has significant socio-economic benefits at the national level. In this context, floral phenology has experienced renewed interest in recent years, in order to estimate the future olive tree (Olea europaea L.) adaptation in different production areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate the phenological adaptability of four local (Chemlali, Chétoui) and foreign (Arbequina, Koronéiki) olive cultivars to various agro-climatic conditions in central and southern Tunisia: Jammel (35 ° 75 ', 10 ° 75'), Sfax (34 ° 94 ', 10 ° 60') and Zarziz (33 ° 30 ', 11 ° 06'). Budburst, pre-flowering and flowering stages were monitored from the start of the 2015-season and were, subsequently, linked to the climatic conditions of each area. Results showed that the olive floral phenology is variable depending on the genotype and the climatic conditions of each environment. Budburst stage was earlier in the Zarzis region characterized by a warm winter with an average chill accumulation of 28.4 CP and 'Chemlali' was the earliest (between 17 and 21 March) compared to the other cultivars. Pre-flowering and flowering stages are mainly related to spring temperatures and the production area altitude. Following spring temperatures increases (maximum temperatures > 35 ° C), harmful impacts on floral phenology (browning and development block of flower buds in the differentiation stage) were observed on the ‘Chetoui’ cultivar in the Jammel region. These impacts were less important for the other cultivars and in the two other regions where the temperature increase took place towards the end of their flowering period. In conclusion, this preliminary study emphasizes the advantages of multi-environment trials as a tool to deal with the predicted future variability of environmental conditions caused by global warming.
- Pagination : 31-43
